tayyebeh shaddel; Hossein Atrak
Volume 10, Issue 1 , December 2021, Pages 1-25
Abstract
Absolute Creationism or Modified Platonism is the answer to the challenge that Platonism poses to theism. The main concern of this view is the reconcile between Classical theism and Platonism. Absolute creationism, in fact, claims that necessary truths, like possible beings, depend on God. Thus, in the ...
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Absolute Creationism or Modified Platonism is the answer to the challenge that Platonism poses to theism. The main concern of this view is the reconcile between Classical theism and Platonism. Absolute creationism, in fact, claims that necessary truths, like possible beings, depend on God. Thus, in the ontological inventory we do not faced a being who exists independently of God, and God is the only independent being. Thus the claim of contemporary Platonists, who argue that some abstract objects, such as necessary truths, necessarily exist, is eternal and uncreated, provided that these truths, while necessary and eternal, are created and dependent on God is accepted. William Craig, the contemporary American theist philosopher, believes that this view faces a number of problems, such as conflate of conceptualism, the Vicious Circularity (Bootstrapping objection), incoherence with free will of God, the traditional theory of creation and traded biblical doctrine of creation with emanationism. Although some of Craig's objections are not to the view of absolute Creationism; But absolute Creationism faces serious problems, and it seems that it is possible to defend the Cartesian view of Universal Possibilism. This paper explains and examines Absolute Creationism and Craig's criticisms
Gholam Hossein Khedri; Hossein Sokhanvar
Volume 10, Issue 1 , December 2021, Pages 27-47
Abstract
researchers turn to biology and neuroscience to explore factors such as religious tendencies, including VMAT2, known as the "God gene" in order to explore the cause of religious tendencies. . The focus of this group is to provide a complete map of religious beliefs on the mechanisms of the brain and ...
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researchers turn to biology and neuroscience to explore factors such as religious tendencies, including VMAT2, known as the "God gene" in order to explore the cause of religious tendencies. . The focus of this group is to provide a complete map of religious beliefs on the mechanisms of the brain and its nervous system, and basically provide the genetic basis for those brain mechanisms. According to this approach, they introduce genetic markers and spiritual intelligence (SQ) along with other human intelligence and believe that spiritual transcendental neural bases are also built solely from these foundations.The aim of this article is to introduce and review the three main and common approaches of religious physiology, namely biological psychology, Cognitive science of religion (CSR) and biology. Then the threats and opportunities of these approaches will be explored for traditional theology (in the Abraham religions). It is a common assumption that this type of study is completely anti-religious, or at least they are faced to reduction due to its empirical and evolutionary approaches. However, the purpose of this article is to show that adherence to religious physiology and brain evolution can also provide responding to positivist criticisms of religions
Roohullah Behi
Volume 10, Issue 1 , December 2021, Pages 47-76
Abstract
In this article, the problem of the soul-body relationship is surveyed through the existential approach of Sadr-al-Muta'allehin. In explaining this relationship, Sadra sometimes infers the unity and sometimes the duality; His main explanation also faces challenges from an analytical point of view. these ...
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In this article, the problem of the soul-body relationship is surveyed through the existential approach of Sadr-al-Muta'allehin. In explaining this relationship, Sadra sometimes infers the unity and sometimes the duality; His main explanation also faces challenges from an analytical point of view. these two problems, can be explained as the result of the philosopher’s commitment to logical requirements of conventional philosophical frameworks which are inevitable while addressing existential facts. after explaining the existential approach and reviewing the main opinions of philosophers, the explanation of al-hikmat-al-muta’āliyah which stats that the soul’s occurrence is material and its permanence is incorporeal, is discussed. Then, considering the challenges of the famous explanation, another explanation based on Mulla-Sadra's existential approach is provided, and based on it challenges of the famous explanation and the explanation of the decisive phenomena in the problem is discussed. We also show that his alterations from the existential horizon within conventional frameworks, prepare them for carrying the Transcendent meanings; and conceptual encounter with the expressions carrying them results in meaning inconsistency.
mostafa abedi; mohmmad asghari; isa mosazade
Volume 10, Issue 1 , December 2021, Pages 77-96
Abstract
In modern thought, started from Cartesian philosophy, there is no room for any knowledge beyond reason so that everything cannot be perceived by reason regarded as unknowable. Descartes believes that faith cannot be a kind of human knowledge and as a result of this fact, he separates them as two different ...
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In modern thought, started from Cartesian philosophy, there is no room for any knowledge beyond reason so that everything cannot be perceived by reason regarded as unknowable. Descartes believes that faith cannot be a kind of human knowledge and as a result of this fact, he separates them as two different matters of two different essences. He regards faith as a belief and equates it with reliance or confidence. Faith, contrary to knowledge and rationality which acquired step by step through human endeavor, occurs suddenly. The divine revelation transcends us to the immune belief in God not through gradual process but through immediate change. Regarding to the method, Descartes maintains that his method (i. e. mathematical one) is not applicable to the realm of faith because it is confined to that of reason. Finally, in confliction between reason and faith, Descartes sides with the latter, and plainly pronounces that it is impossible to have the theology as a science.
masoud fayazi
Volume 10, Issue 1 , December 2021, Pages 97-113
Abstract
Emilio Betty is an twentieth-century Italian objectivist hermeneutist. An opponent of Gadamer's philosophical hermeneutics, he tried to present a new hermeneutic theory that was more effective in understanding the author's intentions by continuing Schleiermacher's path and refining his text comprehension ...
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Emilio Betty is an twentieth-century Italian objectivist hermeneutist. An opponent of Gadamer's philosophical hermeneutics, he tried to present a new hermeneutic theory that was more effective in understanding the author's intentions by continuing Schleiermacher's path and refining his text comprehension theory. He believes; The way to reach the author's goal is to reconstruct his intention by reconstructing his thoughts. For this purpose, along with the meaningful signs of the text, due to Kant's obedience in the structures of the mind, he considers the special role of the interpreter's mindsets in interpretation. That is why he is a relative objectivist, not an absolute. However, in order to prevent destructive subjectivism, in addition to paying attention to the author's centrality in interpretation by setting four rules, and also by enumerating aspects for interpretation such as philology, historical interpretation, sociological interpretation (based on Max Weber's views), interpretation Reproduction and normative interpretation try to determine a limit for the role of the interpreter and the text in achieving the author. However, it seems that he has not been able to overcome this challenge and is practically both author-centric and gives a special role to the interpreter. This article describes this challenge, his strategy, and critiques of his strategies.
smaeel Alikhani
Volume 10, Issue 1 , December 2021, Pages 115-136
Abstract
One of the fundamental social changes in the modern world is the decline of religiosity and believing in God. Numerous factors contribute to this retreat of the sea of faith. An important factor in this event is the family; which has usually attracted little attention. Statistical and sociological ...
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One of the fundamental social changes in the modern world is the decline of religiosity and believing in God. Numerous factors contribute to this retreat of the sea of faith. An important factor in this event is the family; which has usually attracted little attention. Statistical and sociological evidences prove the idea that the atheism is tied to this important factor. This article examines this question in a descriptive-analytical manner that if the family is so important and its decline leads to the decline of believing in God, why is that? By examining different probabilities and speculations through statistical and sociological data, it has reached this result that nonmarriage, life without children, freedom from family bondage, theoretical or practical atheism of parents, absence of father at home and contradiction of religious treatment of parents have a great role in turning away all members of the family, especially children from God and religion.
mohammad nejati; Faarooq Tooli; Mohsen Mahmoodi; seyyed abbas Taqavi
Volume 10, Issue 1 , December 2021, Pages 137-157
Abstract
One of the serious consequences of the corona epidemic in the contemporary period is its impact on the question of the meaning of life. Coronary heart disease involves a variety of types of pain and suffering. Causes numerous pains in various organs and tissues of the body. From all kinds of sufferings, ...
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One of the serious consequences of the corona epidemic in the contemporary period is its impact on the question of the meaning of life. Coronary heart disease involves a variety of types of pain and suffering. Causes numerous pains in various organs and tissues of the body. From all kinds of sufferings, this disease causes various psychological sufferings. Examples of philosophical suffering are among the sufferings created by Covid 19. But what is more important in the meantime is the view of contemporary man on these sufferings. In the current period, due to the radical change in human view of the three categories of science, namely God, man and nature, and belief in the central role of man in the world and sanctification and belief in the salvation of experimental sciences, acceptance and tolerance of suffering Corona becomes difficult. Contemporary man has been largely unable to analyze why he suffers from coronavirus-induced suffering, and this inability provides the basis for suffering known as secondary and incurable suffering. The occurrence of such sufferings is the main reason for the meaninglessness of life and the tendency to the emptiness and worthlessness of worldly values.
zeinab usefi; mohammad ali akhgar; Abbas Ahmadi Saadi
Volume 10, Issue 1 , December 2021, Pages 159-179
Abstract
In this article, the issue of religious plurality and diversity in Javadi Amoli's views and his answer to the following main questions is examined. The purpose of this study is to use a descriptive-analytical method to typology of Javadi Amoli's view on the issue of religious diversity and to include ...
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In this article, the issue of religious plurality and diversity in Javadi Amoli's views and his answer to the following main questions is examined. The purpose of this study is to use a descriptive-analytical method to typology of Javadi Amoli's view on the issue of religious diversity and to include his answers to the three main questions of the issue of religious diversity, namely the question of rightfulness, the question of salvation and the question of interaction of followers of religions. This issue should be determined. In order to achieve this goal, Javadi Amoli's view on the question of rightfulness based on the unity of religion and nature, critique of relativity in the subject and reality and the issue of righteousness are analyzed and it is shown that Javadi Amoli has a more exclusive position on the rightfulness of religions. Javadi Amoli, in response to the question of salvation, takes an inclusive approach by raising issues such as guidance and disability. In response to the way they interact with the followers of other religions, they also believe in peaceful coexistence based on criteria and coexistence, a coexistence that is practically based on an inclusive attitude towards religious plurality and plurality.
Amir Rastin Toroghi; Vahide Fakhar
Volume 10, Issue 1 , December 2021, Pages 181-200
Abstract
Thinking of life after death is plausible only when there can be explained a personal identity between the individual before and after death. On the other hand, because human identity in this world is accompanied by his physical aspect (or, according to materialist views, his identity is wholly physical), ...
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Thinking of life after death is plausible only when there can be explained a personal identity between the individual before and after death. On the other hand, because human identity in this world is accompanied by his physical aspect (or, according to materialist views, his identity is wholly physical), explaining the continuity of life after death and resurrection depends on the presence of such physical dimension, that is, it necessitates the explanation of some kind of physical resurrection. The teachings of the divine religions also emphasize such a resurrection. The present article, based on the descriptive-analytical method, reviews the most important accounts of Christian theologians explaining the personal identity of man in the afterlife and their criticisms by philosophers of religion. Based on a special reading of some principles of Transcendent philosophy and Mullā Ṣadrā’s words, it introduces and explains an innovative theory of personal identity. It seems that the theory of “preservation of personal identity through the existential intensification of the body”, in addition to being immune to the major drawbacks of other models, enjoys greater capacities and benefits.
Seyed Amirreza Mazari
Volume 10, Issue 1 , December 2021, Pages 201-217
Abstract
One of the main questions in philosophy is the way humans face their death. Numerous thinkers have explained this encounter through their own experiences. To some, it is a tragic event, while others consider it as a comedy. However, if death disappears from life, humans will suffer from immortality and ...
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One of the main questions in philosophy is the way humans face their death. Numerous thinkers have explained this encounter through their own experiences. To some, it is a tragic event, while others consider it as a comedy. However, if death disappears from life, humans will suffer from immortality and boredom. Human experiences have an inborn narrative quality. Narrative is not simply a literary genre. It is capable to organize human experiences that are formless and timeless. It best frames meaningful events. The current study explains narrative and its relation with experiences. It also briefly describes death and life fragility and finally make some examples regarding potentials of narrative to face death and fragility of life
