Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Philosophy, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran

2 Assistant Professor of Philosophy, Humanities, Yasouj University

Abstract

The interplay between reason and faith, a fundamental query that has been a source of contemplation throughout history, has a social component. Thomas Aquinas, one of the most influential figures in the history of thought, has had a profound impact on modern society. His ideas were instrumental in the process of secularization, which sought to remove religious doctrine from public life. However, the views of today's society do not require the removal of religion from society, but its absorption and clear reception in the public arena and efforts to maintain the participation of believers in its members, under the condition of rational interaction. In this regard, late political theology, in view of the shortcomings of modern secular reason, by denying the "pure natural state", searches for some kind of equivalence between the natural and the supernatural. Therefore, Thomas's thought, which according to some, was a stimulus in the formation of the apparently secular society, a claim that has in front of it the documentation of the claim of strong Christian reading within religion, from another point of view, have a special role in the formation of the thought of the post-secular society. In this article, while examining the foundations of Thomas's thought in the formation of secular society, by reviewing several readings and controversies, in the shadow of the references of thinkers such as Milbank and Habermas, we will have reflections on the capacities of his position for the post-secular society.

Keywords

ایلخانی، محمد (1382). تاریخ فلسفه در قرون وسطی و رنسانس، تهران: انتشارات سمت.
اینگلیس، جان (1386). توماس آکوئیناس، ترجمه‌ پریش کوششی، تهران: رویشِ نو.
ژیلسون، اتین (1378). عقل و وحی در قرون وسطی، ترجمه شهرام پازوکی، تهران: انتشارات گروس.
کاپلستون، فردریک چارلز (1387). تاریخ فلسفه (فلسفه قرون وسطا از اگوستینوس تا اسکوتوس)، مترجم ابراهیم دادجو، تهران: انتشارات علمی و فرهنگی.
شندلباخ، هربرت (1398). تاریخ و تبیین مفهوم خرد، ترجمه رحمان افشاری، تهران: انتشارات مهراندیش.
وثیق، شیدان (1378). لائیسیته چیست، تهران: نشر اختران.
 
Aquinas, Thomas (1947). Summa Theologica, Translated by Fathers of England Dominican, Benziger Bros edition.
Aquinas, Thomas (1954). [Summa] Contra Gentiles, Book two: Creation, translated by James F. Anderson, Edited with English especially Scriptural references updated by Joseph Kenny, New York: Hanover House [https://isidore.co/aquinas/ english/ContraGentiles2.htm]
Aquinas, Thomas (1994). Truth [Quaestiones disputatae de veritate English], Volume II Questions X-XX, Translated by James V. McGlynn, Indianapolis, Indiana: Hackett Publishing Company.
Aristotle (1952). "Politica", Translated by Benjamin Jowett, in: The Works of Aristotle, Translated into English under editorship of W. D. Ross, Volume X, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Bonaventure, Giovanni Fidanza (2005). Breviloquium. Vol. 9. Edited by Dominic V. Monti, O.F.M. St. Bonaventure, NY: The Franciscan Institute.
Charlesworth, Max (2002). Philosophy and Religion: from Plato to Postmodernism, Oxford: Oneworld Publications.
Craig, William Lane (2008). Reasonable faith: Christian truth and apologetics, 3rd ed. Wheaton Illinois: Crossway Books.
Gaine, Simon Francis, O.P. (2002). Restoring Faith In Reason, A New Translation of the Encyclical Letter of Pope John Paul II together with a commentary and discussion, edited by Laurence Paul Hemming and Susan Frank Parsons, London: SCM Press.
Habermas, Jürgen (2002). ‘Religion and Rationality" in Essays on Reason, God, and Modernity, Edited and with an Introduction by Eduardo Mendieta, Polity Press.
Habermas, Jürgen (2005). “Religion in the public sphere”, Lecture presented at the Holberg Prize Seminar 29 November.
Habermas, Jurgen (2010). A post-secular society – what does that mean, translated by Ciaran Cronin, polity press.
Hankey, Wayne J. (2007). Aquinas at the Origins of Secular Humanism? Sources and innovation in Summa Theologiae 1.1.1, in: Nova et Vetera, 5:1, pp17-40
Hart, Charles A. (1959). Thomistic Metaphysics: An Inquiry into the Act of Existing, Englewood: Prentice Hall.
Kerr, Fergus (2002). After Aquinas: Versions of Thomism, Cornwall: Blackwell publishing.
Levering, Matthew Webb (2004). Scripture and metaphysics: Aquinas and the renewal of Trinitarian Theology, Cornwall: Blackwell publishing.
Médaille, John C. (2009). "Thoroughly Modern Thomas: Faith and Science in Aquinas", https://www.academia.edu/64359983/Thoroughly_Modern_Thoma]
Milbank, John (2006). Theology and Social Theory: Beyond Secular Reason, 2nd Edition, Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Milbank, John and Pickstock, Catherine (2001). Truth in Aquinas, London/ New York: Routledge.
Pace, E. (1907). "Beatific Vision" In The Catholic Encyclopedia, New York: Robert Appleton Company. [Source: http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02364a.htm]
Pasnau, Robert (2004). Thomas Aquinas on Human Nature, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Paul II, John (2002). Restoring Faith In Reason, A New Translation of the Encyclical Letter of Pope John Paul II together with a commentary and discussion, edited by Laurence Paul Hemming andSusan Frank Parsons.
Portier, Philippe (2011). "Religion and Democracy in the Thought of Jürgen Habermas" in Culture and Society, Soc (2011) 48: pp 426–432, DOI 10.1007/s12115-011-9470-3.
Rosenthal, Alexander S. (2004). "The Problem of the Desiderium Natural in Thomistic Tradition", Verbum VI/2, pp. 335-344, 1585-079X/$ 20.00 © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest.
Stanford, Michael (1998). An Introduction to the Philosophy of History, Blacwell.
Stump, Eleonore (2003). Aquinas, London: Routledge.
Swinburne, Richard (2005). Faith and Reason, New York: Oxford University Press.
Wippel, John F. (1995). Mediæval Reactions to the Encounters between Faith and Reason, Milwaukee: Marquette University Press.