In this paper, it is intended to show that monotheistic religions that believe in the existence of God and the event of resurrection can express that religions that deny these two facts are out of the circle of truth, because these two beliefs are based on objective realities, not subjugative matters ...
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In this paper, it is intended to show that monotheistic religions that believe in the existence of God and the event of resurrection can express that religions that deny these two facts are out of the circle of truth, because these two beliefs are based on objective realities, not subjugative matters that are the basis of the claims and arguments of pluralists. Then, the basic conditions of religiosity, i.e. worship and ethics-based behaviors, will be explained. Since religious beliefs and behaviors of believers of different religions are influenced by many non-optional factors, it is not easy to judge their faithful lives and in this regard, it is neither possible to defend pluralism nor exclusivism. However, the diversity of non-optional faithful lives does not contradict the fundamental beliefs of any religion to be evaluated rationally. Therefore, a religion that can achieve the greatest success in rational examination of its fundamental beliefs can speak of its truth against other religions.
The relation between language and fact in philosophy, generally, and in philosophy of language, particularly, raises issues in semantics and reference theory. Every philosophical approach to the phenomenon of diversity and the plurality of religions should consider these linguistic issues. The reference ...
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The relation between language and fact in philosophy, generally, and in philosophy of language, particularly, raises issues in semantics and reference theory. Every philosophical approach to the phenomenon of diversity and the plurality of religions should consider these linguistic issues. The reference and semantic theories that are chosen to deal with religious diversity problem shouldn’t undermine the integrity and consistency of the theory. The incompatibility among religious propositions and different language of religions to talk about the transcendental is one of most important philosophical problems of which different approaches try to offer a reasonable explanation, in such a way that they could defend the existence of the transcendental, its unity, and the possibility of different, event incompatible, words on this reality, simultaneously. Analyzing the linguistic presuppositions of the transcendent in the religious diversity problem, we attempt to study Hick’s two mythical narratives and Byrne’s metaphorical narrative of contemporary pluralism, comparatively.
While John Hick, a contemporary famous British philosopher of religion, considers himself as a Christian, he believes in religious pluralism. This means that he considers other faiths as being right and salvational as well. He says that the study of the status of believers in different faiths necessities ...
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While John Hick, a contemporary famous British philosopher of religion, considers himself as a Christian, he believes in religious pluralism. This means that he considers other faiths as being right and salvational as well. He says that the study of the status of believers in different faiths necessities the acceptance of religious pluralism. In the second step, mythologizing the fundamental teachings of Christianity, he tries to escape from Christian exclusivity, and compromises between Christianity and pluralism. In the third step, he maintains that since faiths look at the sublime truth from different perspectives, each sees part of the truth. Also, holding that the purpose of religious propositions is not to give information to human beings about the reality but to bring about internal changes in them, he solves the conflicts between different faiths. This article aims to show that Hick has neither been successful in compromising between Christianity and pluralism nor in solving the conflicts between the claims of the faiths.
Use theory of meaning is an important theory in the realm of philosophy of language. According to this theory meaning of an expression is nothing but its use in the language. Meaning is a social fact that appears in a language game. So there is no room for private language. In any forms of life there ...
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Use theory of meaning is an important theory in the realm of philosophy of language. According to this theory meaning of an expression is nothing but its use in the language. Meaning is a social fact that appears in a language game. So there is no room for private language. In any forms of life there are unwritten rules that the contributors of that form of life follow them and give the words meaning. Thus one expression may find different meanings in different contexts in a way that these meanings don’t have any essential common core but shaping a meaning spectrum. Use theory of meaning has a huge influence on two subjects which are the argumentation about the religious beliefs and religious pluralism. Using this theory one should accept that God has different meaning for a theist and an atheist. A theist regards this word as a word denoting a unique real being but an atheist regards this word as a universal word which may have real extension or not. So an atheist find himself justified in believing the need of argument for the existence of God. The advocates of religious pluralism like John Hick and Mark Heim by applying use theory of meaning find themselves justified in accepting religious pluralism as a true theory.
